F3 and pouchitis: These include Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 (Clostridium cluster I), demonstrated as safe in vitro and in rodents (26) and moderately effective in treating Helicobacter pylori infections (27), antibiotic-associated diarrhea (28), and preventing formation of postsurgery pouchitis in ulcerative colitis patients (29), and Bacteroides xylanisolvens DSM 23694, which induced generation of antibodies against the cancer-specific antigen TFα (30).