This was evidenced by a significant increase in the levels of multiple inflammatory cytokines including IP-10, KC, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, MIP-2, RANTES, IL-9, IL-4, and IL-12 (p70) within the infarct at eight weeks post stroke when compared to naïve brain tissue (Fig. 1C). This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and Stroke.