Recent evidence highlights that this unexpected correlation is probably related to a dysfunctional immune cell response in this tumour type, and to the expression of inhibitory receptors by tumour-infiltrating T cells.77,78 In node-positive prostate cancer, a stronger infiltration by CD8+ T cells has also been associated with an enhanced risk of metastasis.79 This paradoxical association has also been described in some haematologic malignancies (e.g., diffuse large B-cell lymphoma80 and Hodgkin lymphoma81). Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.