We examined endogenous K63-linked ubiquitination of Akt in human breast cancer samples compared with normal counterparts and found Akt K63-linked ubiquitination was much higher in tumor tissues than in adjacent normal tissues and correlated with Akt T308 phosphorylation (Supplementary Fig. 7h), further supporting the role of Akt ubiquitination in Akt activation in breast cancer patients. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and breast carcinoma.