GINS4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Consistent with the ONCOMINE analysis, all four GINS genes were up-regulated in tumor samples of HCC from TCGA database with 6.382, 3.789, 2.442, and 2.770-fold elevation for GINS1, GINS2, GINS3, and GINS4 mRNA expressions, respectively (P<0.001 for all) (Figure 1B).