Clinical studies are currently carried on TILs combined with anti- CTL-associated protein (CTLA)-4 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) (ipilimumab) (NCT01701674), peginterferon α-2b upregulating human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression on tumor cells (NCT02379195), and nivolumab (anti-PD-1 mAbs) with or without IFN-α (NCT03638375) for metastatic melanoma treatment. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is neoplasm.