In the progression of cardiovascular disease, TLR4 (toll-like receptor 4) signaling not only mediates monocyte infiltration, it also promotes the release of inflammatory cytokines including MCP-1 from activated monocytes [41], implying that Cox-2 and MCP-1 expression might serve as the indicators of activated monocytes in CAD events. This evidence concerns the gene PTGS2 and coronary artery disorder.