Regarding the molecular mechanisms important for wound healing and tissue regeneration, bFGF- and selenium-treated AF-MSCs activated several signaling pathways, such as ERK 1/2, AKT, Smad, and NFκB, thereby inducing intensive secretion of growth factors, including TGF-β, VEGF, and IL-6. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is atrial fibrillation.