CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Since 2015, four immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), anti–PD-1 antibodies nivolumab [3, 4] and pembrolizumab [5, 6] and anti–PD-L1 antibody atezolizumab [7] and durvalumab [8, 9], were approved for treatment of non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA).