Another essential contributor to this aging-delaying effect of LCA is the Mpc1/Mpc3 mitochondrial pyruvate carrier involved in the cytosol-to-mitochondrion transport of pyruvate during respiratory growth (Figure 14); akin to the carnitine-dependent transport of acetyl-CoA from peroxisomes to mitochondria, this mitochondrial pyruvate carrier is activated during PD and ST phases of culturing yeast under CR conditions [50, 53]. This evidence concerns the gene MPC1 and Leber congenital amaurosis.