CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer death, with only 1% 5-year survival rate for stage IV disease.1 The current standard of care in first-line advanced NSCLC, which does not express targetable oncogene driver alterations, or has a PD-L1 expression level< 50%, is a platinum compound combined with a last-generation therapeutic agent, most commonly taxanes combined or not with bevacizumab, gemcitabine, vinorelbine or pemetrexed.2 However, therapy with platinum-based doublets has reached a therapeutic plateau.3