While the infrequent presence of coexisting chromosomal abnormalities, observed in only 15% of patients, does not appear to modify the prognostic effects of NPM1 mutations [7,22,23], prognosis may be significantly influenced by accompanying molecular lesions, mainly FLT3 and DNMT3A gene mutations, documented in about 40% and 50% of NPM1-mutated AML cases, respectively [7,15,17]. This evidence concerns the gene NPM1 and acute myeloid leukemia.