Since the first application by Gorello et al. of sensitive and specific RQ-PCR assays as a reliable system to quantitatively assess NPM1-mutated gene copies [30], several studies have investigated the clinical implications of MRD monitoring in NPM1-mutated AML undergoing intensive therapeutic approaches (Table 1) [30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73]. The gene discussed is NPM1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.