This increase has been reported in the brain of animal models39, 40 and in humans.44, 45 In addition, in AD mice, it was shown that PAI‐1 expression and activity contribute to Aβ accumulation during aging, a phenomenon that can be probably attributed to the inhibition of plasminogen activation and to the related reduction of Aβ degradation.46 These findings have been paralleled by data in plasma of AD patients where PAI‐1 levels were found increased (as dementia progressed) and correlated with the decline in cognitive function.47 The gene discussed is SERPINE1; the disease is dementia.