Subsequent work showed that DUSP4/MKP-2 decreases both the transcriptional activity and stability of STAT5 and both in vitro and in vivo data showed that DUSP4/MKP-4 deletion enhanced iTreg and reduced Th17 polarisation while DUSP4-deficient mice were somewhat more resistant to the induction of autoimmune encephalitis [102]. This evidence concerns the gene DUSP4 and autoimmune encephalitis.