Among the genes differentially induced by Tax-A and Tax-B (Table 2), we focused our attention especially on the chemokine genes (Table 4), particularly because chemokines have been considered to play relevant roles in the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP [30, 31], and both CXCL9 [32] and CXCL10 [33] (listed in Table 2) have already been identified as Tax target genes in previous studies, providing further validation of our gene induction system. Here, CNTN2 is linked to tropical spastic paraparesis.