CXCL9 and tropical spastic paraparesis: Among the genes differentially induced by Tax-A and Tax-B (Table 2), we focused our attention especially on the chemokine genes (Table 4), particularly because chemokines have been considered to play relevant roles in the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP [30, 31], and both CXCL9 [32] and CXCL10 [33] (listed in Table 2) have already been identified as Tax target genes in previous studies, providing further validation of our gene induction system.