PDCD1 and neoplasm: Based on our patient tumour based findings [1] that chemotherapy naïve HGSC patient tumours, with early recurrence and resistant to chemotherapy, show an immunologically cold pre-existing tumour immune microenvironment (TME), we conducted pre-clinical evaluation of a novel “Stimulator of Interferon Genes” (STING) agonist in combination with carboplatin chemotherapy and PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade using the ID8-Trp53-/- mouse model of HGSC [2].