Using the same batch of tumor specimens from our previous work [26], the levels of PCNA, Ki-67, cyclin D1, Snail expressions were significantly higher and E-cadherin expression was markedly lower in the tumors from heat-treated residual HCC cells with activated HSCs than the tumors formed by heat-treated residual HCC cells alone (Fig. 4b, c). This evidence concerns the gene SNAI1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.