Using the genetically engineered KPC pancreatic cancer mouse model [45] and combination therapy with a VDR-ligand and gemcitabine, they showed decreased tumor volumes with the combination therapy (when compared to either monotherapy), augmented tumor vasculature, increased intratumoral gemcitabine concentrations, and altered gene expression including an induction of Fabp4 (a PSC quiescence marker) [22]. This evidence concerns the gene VDR and familial pancreatic carcinoma.