EIF2AK2 and viral infectious disease: In particular, they upregulated transcription of the genes involved in the cellular response to viral infection and foreign genetic material, such as RIG-I (DDX58), OAS1, MYD88, RNASEL, PKR (EIF2AK2), interferon-induced proteins with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFITs), as well as interferon-dependent transcription factor, STAT, and interferon-regulatory factor (IRF) families [40].