Polyphenols also have the capacity to generate nitric oxide, which acts as a potent vasodilator on the endothelial surface and in the early stages of atherosclerosis, improve antioxidant status, and decrease inflammatory cytokine levels (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL), MMPs) and adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and selectins) [77]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is atherosclerosis.