TNF and myocardial infarction: Furthermore, in a mouse model of myocardial infarction, TNF-α mRNA, IL-1α, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and GM-CSF expression were all lower in the infarct area of TLR4-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice [42].