CD274 and cholangiocarcinoma: It has already been confirmed that the existence of CSCs in CCA.126 Laminin‐332, exists in CCA CSCs matrix, builds a circumstance of chemoresistance and quiescence for CCA.127 Low expression of CD274 in CCA cells can influence the interaction between CSCs and tumour cells to increase tumourigenesis and help cancer cells escape from the immune reaction.128 CCA associated stem cells have a strong relation with the initiation and development of CCA.