Checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1 (nivolumab/pembrolizumab), PD-L1 (atezolizumab/durvalumab/avelumab) and CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) are licensed for use in various cancers, with pembrolizumab licensed by the FDA for mismatch repair deficient and microsatellite instability-high tumours regardless of the tissue of origin. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.