A recent epigenetic study of the human IGFBP-1 gene in Swedish men demonstrated that, compared with non-diabetic controls, DNA methylation levels of the IGFBP-1 gene are higher in all T2DM patients, while IGFBP-1 serum levels are lower [70]; illustrating that there could also be potential epigenetic regulation involved in IGFBP-1 levels and diabetes. Here, IGFBP1 is linked to diabetes mellitus.