The AD in both jaws was not statistically significantly different in the Saethre-Chotzen syndrome or the TCF12-related craniosynostosis than those of the control group (maxillary AD: β = − 0.80, 95% CI − 2.04, 0.44; mandibular AD: β = − 0.02, 95% CI − 1.17, 1.12, respectively). This evidence concerns the gene TCF12 and craniosynostosis.