The effect of colitis was elevated several folds by EtOH feeding, and HD5 reduced EtOH and colitis-mediated expression of CCL5 and MCP1. On the other hand, EtOH and DSS significantly reduced the levels of mRNA for IL-10 and TGFβ genes (Fig. 8I,J). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and colitis.