Gene set enrichment analysis also demonstrated predicted activation of canonical pro-tumor genes or sets following epithelial Stat3 deletion in males including cyclin D1 (CCND1; z-score = 1.4), c-AMP response element binding protein 1 (CREB1; z-score = 2.0), and insulin growth factor receptor 1 (IGFR1; z-score = 1.9) (all P < 0.05 of the Fisher’s test), with all these genes predicted to be inhibited in female LR/Stat3Δ/Δ counterparts (Supplementary Table 3). The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is neoplasm.