In our experiment, the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were up-regulated in the DKD group compared with those in the control rats within 30 days in a time-dependent manner, but these levels were decreased to some extent by the COD administration, indicating COD alleviation effect on the inflammatory response associated with the inhibition of the activation of the inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and diabetic kidney disease.