As mentioned above, we demonstrated that two simple, noninvasive, and objective clinical parameters potentially related to symptomatic BPO such as PFR and PVR were able to independently predict the risk of being diagnosed with PCa in patients scheduled for PBx because of increased PSA levels and/or abnormal DRE (10, 11), thus providing grounds for evaluating them in the setting of a “easy to use” predictive tool such as a nomogram. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and posterior cortical atrophy.