This study aimed to analyze effects of P. longanae-inoculation on production rate of O2-., content of malondialdehyde (MDA) (resulting from oxidative damage of membrane lipids), activities of CAT, SOD, and APX, levels of GSH and AsA, reducing power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability, and to explore mechanisms of pericarp browning and disease development of postharvest longans induced by P. longanae-infection. The gene discussed is CAT; the disease is infection.