Not surprisingly, epilepsy progression and the analyzed biomarkers, as well as increases in the density of synaptic and excitatory synaptic markers and TSP-1-IR, were associated with the anatomical spread of the focal seizures away from the kindled amygdala, through the ipsilateral PC and the hippocampus and then to the remaining ipsilateral cortex and the contralateral regions. The gene discussed is THBS1; the disease is epilepsy.