To this end, we selected 15 protein markers–Aβ40, Aβ42, α-syn, p-Tau, t-Tau, OPN, HMGB1, NFL, IL-6, DJ-1, UCHL1, FLT3LG, MMP2, S100β and ApoA1 –for measurement in the CSF of confirmatory cohort I (comprising 80 early clinical PD patients and 80 controls) and subsequently evaluated their robustness to distinguish early clinical PD patients from controls. This evidence concerns the gene S100B and Parkinson disease.