AR and prostate cancer: Abiraterone acetate (hereafter referred to as abiraterone) is targeting the AR signaling axis by inhibiting cytochrome P450 17A1 (CYP17A1) – an enzyme involved in intracellular biosynthesis of androgens that enables prostate cancer cells to bypass androgen deprivation (Fig. 4B) (Montgomery et al. 2008, Attard et al. 2009, Helsen et al. 2014).