Furthermore, monoclonal antibody against APA has been previously shown to abrogate the attachment and internalization of BCG by human bladder tumour cells, and the stable binding of BCG to bladder mucosa via FAP was necessary for the expression of BCG-induced anti-tumour activity (Kuroda et al. 1993; Zhao et al. 2000). Here, FAP is linked to urinary bladder neoplasm.