Depleting α-SMA positive CAFs in a transgenic mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through induction of thymidine kinase by ganciclovir administration, either early in the tumor precursor stage or late carcinoma stage, led to the development of undifferentiated tumors, which were highly invasive and resulted in decreased survival [18]. The gene discussed is ACTA1; the disease is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.