Recent studies demonstrated how the crosstalk between the cancer cells intrinsic RAS signalling and the TME extended beyond the tumour PD-L1 expression, regulating many other different TME components,24 such as inflammatory cells, immune T-cells and myeloid cells density, cancer-associated fibroblasts and endothelial cells properties and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, ultimately favouring immune-escape, cancer growth and metastatic process. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.