Despite systemic chemotherapy, patients’ prognosis remains poor and to date there are no established molecular targeted therapies tailored to biliary tract cancer.3 Molecular events occurring during the development of cholangiocarcinoma are heterogeneous and likely follow a multistep process encompassing alterations of several tumour suppressor genes such as KRAS and TP53. The genomic spectra of cholangiocarcinoma have been previously nicely depicted.4 The gene discussed is KRAS; the disease is cholangiocarcinoma.