RT-qPCR revealed that the transcript levels of several profibrotic markers were significantly upregulated in HF (from 1.00 ± 0.29 to 2.03 ± 0.05 for collagen I; 1.00 ± 0.07 to 2.05 ± 0.36 for collagen III; 1.00 ± 0.07 to 1.87 ± 0.12 for TGF-β1; 1.0 ± 0.5 to 3.6 ± 0.2 for fibrosin I and 1.0 ± 0.08 to 10.59 ± 2.84 for LOX), and DPN treatment significantly restored all these transcripts to levels comparable to the CTRL (sham-operated) group (Fig. 3c–g). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is hydrops fetalis.