As the frontal cortex is reported to be predominantly affected in euthyroid patients with HT [10, 12] and play a substantial role in mood regulation [11], we focused on the frontal cortex and set out to examine the cellular and molecular events associated with neuroinflammation, such as the activation status of microglia and astrocytes as well as the expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is hematocrit.