TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: The incidence of colostomy rose among patients with IBD who had received high accumulated dosage of anti-TNF-α treatments (HR = 3.9, 95% CI: 2.4–6.4) in both the CD (HR= 2.1, 95% CI: 1.2–3.7) and UC groups (HR = 12.4, 95% CI: 3.0–51.3).