Adiponectin is known to activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates cellular energy homeostasis.20 Activated AMPK can act as a tumor suppressor by directly inducing cell-cycle arrest.21 We observed decreased phosphorylated AMPK in the livers of DEN-injured rats as compared to livers from PBS animals. This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and neoplasm.