These include calcium signaling, pathways in cancer, ErbB signaling, MAPK signaling, and chemokine signaling, metabolic pathways etc. Genes commonly upregulated in both NASH- and steatosis-HCCs when compared to adjacent non-tumorous liver (such as Cdh1, Pak1, Sqle, and others) may be important in hepatocarcinogenesis. Here, PAK1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.