Similar to murine NASH-HCCs, most of these genes mutated in human NASH-HCCs (11/19) encode calcium channel proteins (RYR1, RYR2, CACNA1B, CACNA1E, CACNA1H, CACNA1I, GRIN2C, ATP2A2, ATP2B4, SLC8A1 and ITPR3) (Fig. 7b). Here, RYR1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.