SIRT1 is protective in cell culture and animal models of PD, as long as SIRT1 deacetylates heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), peroxisome proliferators activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 alpha (PGC1α) and affects α-synuclein toxicity (Herskovits and Guarente, 2014). The gene discussed is PPARGC1A; the disease is Parkinson disease.