Chen et al. (2010) undertook genotyping analysis on 177 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) using 803 bladder cancer cases and equal number of healthy controls and found that germ-line genetic variations in the Shh pathway predicted clinical outcomes of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients receiving transurethral resection and BCG treatment [35]. Here, SHH is linked to urinary bladder carcinoma.