ZIKV infection induced a clear antiviral immune response in these cells as shown by the production of high levels of IFN-α, IFN-β and IFN-γ, as well as neurotoxic factors such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 during the first hours of infection with maximum levels at 48 hpi (Fig 2). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is infection.