In a cohort of 142 patients undergoing HSCT, recipients harboring the Y238X polymorphism in the DECTIN-1 gene were more likely to be colonized with Candida species than patients bearing WT DECTIN-1 and required the more frequent use of fluconazole to prevent systemic Candida infection (Plantinga et al., 2009). The gene discussed is CLEC7A; the disease is candidiasis.