SPARC and neoplasm: TAMs can also promote tumor cell migration and invasion through the secretion of MMPs, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) and cathepsins which degrade and remodel the ECM (Bergers et al., 2000; Gocheva et al., 2006) as well as through the secretion of TGF-β which promotes EMT of tumor cells and increased tumor cell migration (Bonde et al., 2012).