Moreover, since pathophysiological changes in astrocytic Kir4.1 channels were also demonstrated in Alzheimer’s disease [112], Parkinson’s disease [113,114] and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [115,116], further studies are required to elucidate the role of the astrocytic Kir4.1-BDNF system in modulating these diseases. This evidence concerns the gene KCNJ10 and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.