SMAD3 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: To further validate the SAPAS sequencing data, we randomly selected eight genes (JAG1, IRF1, EGLN1, TIMP3, WDR5, SMAD3, FNDC3B, and XRCC5) with switched APA sites for quantitative RT-PCR validation in 16 NPC and 16 NNET samples.