Despite lacking evidence on the effect of PA on these proteins in prostate cancer patients, studies carried out in healthy subjects showed that PA increases plasma follistatin, decreases circulating inhibin and activin, decreases tissue/circulating myostatin and downregulates the expression of activin receptor, thus the opposite could infer a plausible mechanism of action for inducing prostate cancer. The gene discussed is MSTN; the disease is Familial prostate cancer.